Humidifier cross-border multi-currency auto-sync rate calibration tech
Reverse overseas online shopping supports settlement in over ten mainstream foreign currencies, including the US dollar, euro, pound sterling, and Aus…
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[System Design] Uber RAMEN: How Ride-Hailing Apps Push Real-Time Notifications to Millions of Devices
The Problem: Pushing Instant Notifications to Millions of Devices Answer-first: Uber's RAMEN system maintains persistent gRPC bidirectional streams to…
[EN] How to Organize a REST API Tree to Survive Time (and Org Chart Changes)
Also available in Spanish Before designing an endpoint, classify its nature. Only then choose its location. The Silent Problem There are many articles…
Rate Limiting Like a Jedi: Mastering the Token Bucket with Redis
The Quest Begins (The “Why”) Picture this: I’m huddled over my laptop at 2 a.m., eyes glazed, watching the metrics dashboard flash red like the Death …
REST vs GraphQL vs gRPC — Which One Should You Actually Use?
Every engineering team hits this conversation at some point. Someone proposes GraphQL. Someone else says REST is fine. A third person mentions gRPC an…
Stop Fixing Broken Architecture: Auto-Enforce Package Boundaries with Cursor Composer and ArchUnit
Stop Fixing Broken Architecture: Auto-Enforce Package Boundaries with Cursor Composer and ArchUnit In 2026, we aren't writing boilerplate anymore; we …
Caching in System Design - The Secret to High Performance
There is a point in every system’s growth where adding more servers stops being enough. You scale horizontally. You introduce load balancers. You dist…
Build an AI Pipeline FastAPI + Kafka + Workers
Most AI demos work perfectly on a laptop. But production AI systems can become fragile when everything is handled inside one synchronous API call. A u…
Redis Isn't Just a Cache: 14 Use Cases (System Design)
You're probably using Redis for one job. There are 13 more, and a few of them work in ways that surprised me even after years of using it. I just publ…
THE LIE NOBODY TELLS YOU ABOUT SYSTEM DESIGN INTERVIEWS
Every article about system design interviews tells you the same thing. "Learn the components. Understand trade-offs. Practice on paper." And so you do…
Could We Build a World Without Cash? Exploring Universal Biometric Identity and Digital Credits
What if you could travel anywhere in the world, buy a coffee, pay for a service, or receive government support without carrying cash, cards, or even a…
[System Design] Ride-Hailing Dispatch Algorithm: How Uber DISCO & Grab DispatchGym Match Drivers
Every time you tap "Book Ride," a system makes dozens of decisions in under two seconds: Which driver? What route? What's the real ETA? This article b…
Predictive Alpha: Pipeline Engineering for Real-Time Machine Learning Inference
Most retail algorithmic trading bots rely heavily on legacy technical analysis indicators—think RSI, MACD, or Bollinger Bands. While these indicators …
Indexing: The Force Awakens in My Rate Limiter Quest
The Quest Begins (The "Why") Ever had one of those days where your API feels like it’s stuck in quicksand? I was building a simple rate‑limiter for a …
UUID vs ULID vs NanoID: Which Identifier Should You Use in 2026?
A few years ago, choosing an ID format was easy. Most of us generated a UUID, stored it in the database, and moved on. Today things are different. Mod…
Bulkhead Pattern - Go
Go Bulkhead Pattern — Complete Reference Table of Contents What is the Bulkhead Pattern Three Mechanisms HTTP Transport Parameters — Deep Dive Little'…
HLD Fundamentals #3: Monolithic vs Microservices Architecture
As applications grow, one of the biggest architectural decisions is whether to keep everything in a single application (Monolith) or split it into ind…
Systems Thinking: The Missing Skill in Modern Software Engineering
Many developers learn programming by focusing on functions, classes, frameworks, and algorithms. Early in our careers, success often means writing cod…
I Built an AI System Design Coach — Clone It, Try It, Break It
The problem I kept running into Every time I practiced system design, I'd hit the same wall: I'd sketch out a rough idea for "design WhatsApp" or "bui…
Most developers think an API Gateway is just a reverse proxy.
It's much more than that. An API Gateway sits between clients and your backend services, acting as a single entry point for your entire system. Client…
HLD Fundamentals #1: Network Protocols
Network Protocols Network protocols define how computers communicate over a network. Whether you're opening Instagram, sending a WhatsApp message, wat…
Admin Panels Are Not Configuration Systems
I learned this the annoying way: admin panels are not configuration systems. They can become one, but not by accident. Early on, it feels harmless. So…
[System Design] H3 Geospatial Indexing: How Uber Finds Nearby Drivers with Hexagonal Spatial Index
The Problem: Finding a Needle in a Haystack Answer-first: Uber and Grab find the nearest available driver in under 100ms by dividing the Earth's surfa…
38/60 Days System Design Questions
Your LLM has 128K tokens. Your document has 150K words. Something has to give. What do you do? A) Chunk the document into fixed-size pieces and embed …
[System Design] GPS Location Ingestion at Scale: gRPC Streaming, MQTT & Kalman Filter in Ride-Hailing
The Challenge: Millions of Drivers, Every 4 Seconds Answer-first: Uber and Grab handle 1.25 million GPS write operations per second from ~5 million ac…
Shipping 12,000+ Lines Across 6 Systems in 19 Days: A Masterclass in Backend Architecture.
What looked like a chaotic sprint was actually a strict exercise in architectural discipline. The last time I published on Dev.to was in late May. At …
System Design Interview Roadmap (10 Concepts That Matter Most)
Disclosure: This post includes affiliate links; I may receive compensation if you purchase products or services from the different links provided in t…
Streaming 25 Million Excel Cells Through 7 MB of Memory
Streaming 25 Million Excel Cells Through 7 MB of Memory TL;DR: I built an export pipeline that streams 15M+ records as formatted Excel files inside ZI…
System Design - 17. Service Discovery & Service Mesh: How Thousands of Services Find Each Other
Covers: Client-Side vs Server-Side Discovery, Service Registries, Service Mesh (Istio/Envoy), Kubernetes DNS The Problem That Didn't Exist in the Mono…
System Design - 15. The Saga Pattern: How Uber Books a Trip Without a Single Database Transaction
Covers: Two-Phase Commit, Saga Pattern, Choreography vs Orchestration Sagas, Compensating Transactions, Idempotency The Question That Breaks Most Micr…