REST vs GraphQL vs gRPC — Which One Should You Actually Use?
Every engineering team hits this conversation at some point. Someone proposes GraphQL. Someone else says REST is fine. A third person mentions gRPC an…
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Stop Fixing Broken Architecture: Auto-Enforce Package Boundaries with Cursor Composer and ArchUnit
Stop Fixing Broken Architecture: Auto-Enforce Package Boundaries with Cursor Composer and ArchUnit In 2026, we aren't writing boilerplate anymore; we …
Caching in System Design - The Secret to High Performance
There is a point in every system’s growth where adding more servers stops being enough. You scale horizontally. You introduce load balancers. You dist…
UUID vs ULID vs NanoID: Which Identifier Should You Use in 2026?
A few years ago, choosing an ID format was easy. Most of us generated a UUID, stored it in the database, and moved on. Today things are different. Mod…
HLD Fundamentals #3: Monolithic vs Microservices Architecture
As applications grow, one of the biggest architectural decisions is whether to keep everything in a single application (Monolith) or split it into ind…
The Evolution of Circuit Compression
Miniaturization replaced the tube with the transistor. The currency of compromise changed from watts of heater power to milliwatts of leakage and diss…
Systems Thinking: The Missing Skill in Modern Software Engineering
Many developers learn programming by focusing on functions, classes, frameworks, and algorithms. Early in our careers, success often means writing cod…
Admin Panels Are Not Configuration Systems
I learned this the annoying way: admin panels are not configuration systems. They can become one, but not by accident. Early on, it feels harmless. So…
Shipping 12,000+ Lines Across 6 Systems in 19 Days: A Masterclass in Backend Architecture.
What looked like a chaotic sprint was actually a strict exercise in architectural discipline. The last time I published on Dev.to was in late May. At …
System Design Interview Roadmap (10 Concepts That Matter Most)
Disclosure: This post includes affiliate links; I may receive compensation if you purchase products or services from the different links provided in t…
System Design - A Frontend Engineer's Deep Dive
In general, most of the discussions around System Design are backend heavy, involving Databases, Microservices , Load Balancers and what not. But in t…
I Built My Own API Gateway in Rust — Here's What I Learned
Every backend project I've worked on eventually hits the same wall. You start clean — one service, simple routes, everything works. Then slowly the re…
Mastering Netstat: The Linux Command That Separates Beginners from Real Infrastructure Engineers
In the era of Kubernetes, cloud-native architectures, and microservices, many engineers focus on high-level abstractions. But when a production server…
Real-Time Notification Systems Are Harder Than Most Teams Expect
If you’ve ever thought, “It’s just a WebSocket event,” this article is for you. Notification systems look simple on the surface, but in production the…
Five problems hiding inside every admin permissions setup
Permissions look like an if-statement. By the time you have three roles and one custom rule, it's a system — and most teams discover the mistakes in p…
The Execution Safety Crisis in Multi-Agent Workflows — And the Architectural Pattern That Solves It
The biggest unresolved problem in multi-agent workflows is not reasoning. It is execution safety. Most teams building with LLMs today have not encount…
Stop Building Autonomous AI Agents. Build Governed Execution Runtimes Instead.
Stop Building Autonomous AI Agents. Build Governed Execution Runtimes Instead. We’ve all seen the standard AI agent architecture: LLM → Tool → Reflect…
Hidden Coupling in Distributed Financial Systems: Dependencies You Didn't Know You Had
Abstract Distributed financial systems are described through explicit interfaces. Services call APIs, consume events, write to databases, submit trans…
" I Can Tell Within 5 Minutes Whether Someone Is Using AI as an Engineer or as a Gambler "
The engineer starts with architecture. The gambler starts with a prompt. I have been both. And I have watched enough codebases collapse under the weig…
Want to Go Deeper?
Your LLM bill is exploding because 70% of user queries are semantically identical, yet your traditional cache ignores them completely. Even worse, if …
Building Production Multi-Agent Systems: Real-World Lessons from Genie
Building Production Multi-Agent Systems: Real-World Lessons from Genie I shipped a 15-agent financial assistant on Microsoft's Multi-Agent Reference A…
The Microservice-to-Engineer Ratio (MTR): Why Too Many Microservices Slow Down Engineering Teams
Discover the Microservice-to-Engineer Ratio (MTR), a powerful architectural metric that reveals when microservices begin hurting engineering productiv…
Frontend System Design Interviews: What They Are, Why They Matter, and How to Actually Prepare
For mid-to-senior developers who want to stop winging it. If you've been a developer for 3+ years and you're targeting senior roles, there's a round i…
The Architecture Decisions That Actually Mattered: Building a Production-Ready Multi-Service Backend
What most system design articles skip is the part where you explain why the boring choice was the right one I built a platform that runs social media …
Inside Uber's Architecture: Engineering Decisions That Power Millions of Rides Every Day
Why Study Real-World Architectures? Most system design discussions focus on theoretical architectures that work well on whiteboards. Real-world system…
Document Generation for Developers: Security, Compliance, and Build-vs-Buy Decisions for the Template-Plus-Data Pipeline
When a deal closes in your CRM and a contract still needs a human to open Word, paste in the account name, and adjust the pricing table, you have a do…
Scale Wars #5 — Twitter: The Fan-out Pattern and the Architecture Behind 140 Characters
Year: 2010–2015 · Crisis: "How do we make the timeline load this fast?" The Problem: Lady Gaga and 50 Million Followers Here's the technical challenge…
Bucky Fuller's To-Do List: Can AI Finally Solve the World's Cataloged Problems?
Bucky Fuller's To-Do List: Can AI Finally Solve the World's Cataloged Problems? We've had the list for 60 years. We're only now building the machine t…
Building Production-Ready AI Systems: What Most Developers Learn Too Late
Artificial Intelligence development has become dramatically easier over the past two years. You can connect an LLM through an API in minutes. You can …
MyErp Architecture Series - #02 Cellular Architecture: Mapping Biology to Software Systems
Cellular Architecture - MyErp 3 - Web ERP System for Business Management MyErp 3 is a modern web ERP system for business automation. Monitor finances,…